红马版验证码实现(中文+变形+噪点)

 

  本文示例源代码或素材下载

  为了应付越来越多的自动发帖机、恶意攻击等情形,验证码技术在大量的网站上得到使用。我在近期开发一个注册网站的时候,也使用了这一技术。当然,我并不想完完全全自己重新实现,而是参考了网上能够找到的实现,做了若干改进而已。下面谈谈我的实现。

  补两张图片:

 点击查看原图点击查看原图

  首先看验证码图片输出页的代码:

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">
  protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
    VryImgGen gen = new VryImgGen();
    string verifyCode = gen.CreateVerifyCode(5, 1);
    Session["VerifyCode"] = verifyCode.ToUpper();
    System.Drawing.Bitmap bitmap = gen.CreateImage(verifyCode);
    System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
    bitmap.Save(ms, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);
    Response.Clear();
    Response.ContentType = "image/Png";
    Response.BinaryWrite(ms.GetBuffer());
    bitmap.Dispose();
    ms.Dispose();
    ms.Close();
    Response.End();
  }
</script> 

  功能很简单,初始化一个验证码生成对象,生成图片。然后保存到一个MemoryStream里。得到字节流,输出字节流。验证码的数据是保存在Session中的,这是最简单的方法。或者可以加密储存在cookie里,也是可以的。

  再来看看验证码生成对象:

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for VryImgGen
/// </summary>
public partial class VryImgGen
{
  /// <summary>
  /// 供验证码生成汉字时选取的汉字集,若为空则按照《GB2312简体中文编码表》编码规则构造汉字
  /// </summary>
  public static string ChineseChars = String.Empty;
  /// <summary>
  /// 英文与数字串
  /// </summary>
  protected static readonly string EnglishOrNumChars = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
  public VryImgGen()
  {
    rnd = new Random(unchecked((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks));
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 全局随机数生成器
  /// </summary>
  private Random rnd;
  int length = 5;
  /// <summary>
  /// 验证码长度(默认6个验证码的长度)
  /// </summary>
  public int Length
  {
    get { return length; }
    set { length = value; }
  }
  int fontSize = 18;
  /// <summary>
  /// 验证码字体大小(为了显示扭曲效果,默认30像素,可以自行修改)
  /// </summary>
  public int FontSize
  {
    get { return fontSize; }
    set { fontSize = value; }
  } 
  int padding = 4;
  /// <summary>
  /// 边框补(默认4像素)
  /// </summary>
  public int Padding
  {
    get { return padding; }
    set { padding = value; }
  } 
  bool chaos = true;
  /// <summary>
  /// 是否输出燥点(默认输出)
  /// </summary>
  public bool Chaos
  {
    get { return chaos; }
    set { chaos = value; }
  } 
  Color chaosColor = Color.LightGray;
  /// <summary>
  /// 输出燥点的颜色(默认灰色)
  /// </summary>
  public Color ChaosColor
  {
    get { return chaosColor; }
    set { chaosColor = value; }
  }
  Color backgroundColor = Color.White;
  /// <summary>
  /// 自定义背景色(默认白色)
  /// </summary>
  public Color BackgroundColor
  {
    get { return backgroundColor; }
    set { backgroundColor = value; }
  } 
  Color[] colors = { Color.Black, Color.Red, Color.DarkBlue, Color.Green, Color.Orange, Color.Brown, Color.DarkCyan, Color.Purple };
  /// <summary>
  /// 自定义随机颜色数组
  /// </summary>
  public Color[] Colors
  {
    get { return colors; }
    set { colors = value; }
  }
  string[] fonts = { "Arial", "Georgia" };
  /// <summary>
  /// 自定义字体数组
  /// </summary>
  public string[] Fonts
  {
    get { return fonts; }
    set { fonts = value; }
  } 

  #region 产生波形滤镜效果

  private const double PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795;
  private const double PI2 = 6.283185307179586476925286766559;
  /// <summary>
  /// 正弦曲线Wave扭曲图片(Edit By 51aspx.com)
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="srcBmp">图片路径</param>
  /// <param name="bXDir">如果扭曲则选择为True</param>
  /// <param name="nMultValue">波形的幅度倍数,越大扭曲的程度越高,一般为3</param>
  /// <param name="dPhase">波形的起始相位,取值区间[0-2*PI)</param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public System.Drawing.Bitmap TwistImage(Bitmap srcBmp, bool bXDir, double dMultValue, double dPhase)
  {
    System.Drawing.Bitmap destBmp = new Bitmap(srcBmp.Width, srcBmp.Height);
    // 将位图背景填充为白色
    System.Drawing.Graphics graph = System.Drawing.Graphics.FromImage(destBmp);
    graph.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White), 0, 0, destBmp.Width, destBmp.Height);
    graph.Dispose();
    double dBaseAxisLen = bXDir ? (double)destBmp.Height : (double)destBmp.Width;
    for (int i = 0; i < destBmp.Width; i++)
    {
      for (int j = 0; j < destBmp.Height; j++)
      {
        double dx = 0;
        dx = bXDir ? (PI2 * (double)j) / dBaseAxisLen : (PI2 * (double)i) / dBaseAxisLen;
        dx += dPhase;
        double dy = Math.Sin(dx);
        // 取得当前点的颜色
        int nOldX = 0, nOldY = 0;
        nOldX = bXDir ? i + (int)(dy * dMultValue) : i;
        nOldY = bXDir ? j : j + (int)(dy * dMultValue);
        System.Drawing.Color color = srcBmp.GetPixel(i, j);
        if (nOldX >= 0 && nOldX < destBmp.Width
         && nOldY >= 0 && nOldY < destBmp.Height)
        {
          destBmp.SetPixel(nOldX, nOldY, color);
        }
      }
    }
    return destBmp;
  }

  #endregion

  /// <summary>
  /// 生成校验码图片
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="code">验证码</param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public Bitmap CreateImage(string code)
  {
    int fSize = FontSize;
    int fWidth = fSize + Padding;
    int imageWidth = (int)(code.Length * fWidth) + 4 + Padding * 2;
    int imageHeight = fSize * 2 + Padding * 2;
    System.Drawing.Bitmap image = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(imageWidth, imageHeight);
    Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(image);
    g.Clear(BackgroundColor);
    //给背景添加随机生成的燥点
    if (this.Chaos)
    {
      Pen pen = new Pen(ChaosColor, 0);
      int c = Length * 10;
      for (int i = 0; i < c; i++)
      {
        int x = rnd.Next(image.Width);
        int y = rnd.Next(image.Height);
        g.DrawRectangle(pen, x, y, 1, 1);
      }
    }
    int left = 0, top = 0, top1 = 1, top2 = 1;
    int n1 = (imageHeight - FontSize - Padding * 2);
    int n2 = n1 / 4;
    top1 = n2;
    top2 = n2 * 2;
    Font f;
    Brush b;
    int cindex, findex;
    //随机字体和颜色的验证码字符
    for (int i = 0; i < code.Length; i++)
    {
      cindex = rnd.Next(Colors.Length - 1);
      findex = rnd.Next(Fonts.Length - 1);
      f = new System.Drawing.Font(Fonts[findex], fSize, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
      b = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(Colors[cindex]);
      if (i % 2 == 1)
      {
        top = top2;
      }
      else
      {
        top = top1;
      }
      left = i * fWidth;
      g.DrawString(code.Substring(i, 1), f, b, left, top);
    }
    //画一个边框 边框颜色为Color.Gainsboro
    g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Gainsboro, 0), 0, 0, image.Width - 1, image.Height - 1);
    g.Dispose();
    //产生波形(Add By 51aspx.com)
    image = TwistImage(image, true, 8, 4);
    return image;
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 生成随机字符码
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="codeLen">字符串长度</param>
  /// <param name="zhCharsCount">中文字符数</param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public string CreateVerifyCode(int codeLen, int zhCharsCount)
  {
    char[] chs = new char[codeLen];
    int index;
    for (int i = 0; i < zhCharsCount; i++)
    {
      index = rnd.Next(0, codeLen);
      if (chs[index] == '')
        chs[index] = CreateZhChar();
      else
        --i;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < codeLen; i++)
    {
      if (chs[i] == '')
        chs[i] = CreateEnOrNumChar();
    }
    return new string(chs, 0, chs.Length);
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 生成默认长度5的随机字符码
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public string CreateVerifyCode()
  {
    return CreateVerifyCode(Length, 0);
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 生成英文或数字字符
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  protected char CreateEnOrNumChar()
  {
    return EnglishOrNumChars[rnd.Next(0, EnglishOrNumChars.Length)];
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 生成汉字字符
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  protected char CreateZhChar()
  {
    //若提供了汉字集,查询汉字集选取汉字
    if (ChineseChars.Length > 0)
    {
      return ChineseChars[rnd.Next(0, ChineseChars.Length)];
    }
    //若没有提供汉字集,则根据《GB2312简体中文编码表》编码规则构造汉字
    else
    {
      byte[] bytes = new byte[2];
      //第一个字节值在0xb0, 0xf7之间
      bytes[0] = (byte)rnd.Next(0xb0, 0xf8);
      //第二个字节值在0xa1, 0xfe之间
      bytes[1] = (byte)rnd.Next(0xa1, 0xff);
      //根据汉字编码的字节数组解码出中文汉字
      string str1 = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetString(bytes);
      return str1[0];
    }
  }
}
  这里面大量使用了51aspx.com的代码,在此表示感谢。这里的主要改进在于支持生成中英文混合的验证码。中文的生成有两种方式,一是根据《GB2312简体中文编码表》编码规则构造汉字,二是从一个选定的中文字符集合中随即选取汉字。实现很简单,参考函数protected char CreateZhChar(),在此不赘述。

  最后说一下验证码的使用,下面是一个例子: 

  <img src="VerifyCode.aspx" id="valiCode" alt="验证码" />

  <a title="刷新验证码" href="http://j5c.ddvip.com/index.php#" onclick="javascript:document.getElementById('valiCode').src='VerifyCode.aspx?id='+Math.random();return false;">看不清,换张图片?</a>  这里有个小技巧,就是在刷新验证码的使用,验证码的URL后面用了随机参数以欺骗浏览器重新请求。

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