systemctl

systemd查看开机自启动的程序(相当于chkconfig --list)

ll /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/

 

运行一个服务:

systemctl start network.service

关闭网络服务:

systemctl stop network.service

重启网络服务:

systemctl restart network.service

显示一个服务(无论运行与否)的状态:

systemctl status network.service

在开机时启用一个服务:

systemctl enable network.service

在开机时禁用一个服务:

systemctl disable network.service

查看服务开机是否启动:

systemctl is-enabled network.service

 

常用systemctl命令start,stop,restart,status,enable,disable,is-enabled,is-active。

 

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1. 列出所有可用单元

# systemctl list-unit-files

2. 列出所有运行中单元

# systemctl list-units

3. 列出所有失败单元

# systemctl –failed

4. 检查某个单元(如 crond.service)是否启用

# systemctl is-enabledcrond.service

5. 列出所有服务

# systemctl list-unit-files –type=service

6. Linux中如何启动、重启、停止、重载服务以及检查服务(如 httpd.service)状态

# systemctl start httpd.service

# systemctl restart httpd.service

# systemctl stop httpd.service

# systemctl reload httpd.service

# systemctl status httpd.service

注意:当我们使用systemctl的start,restart,stop和reload命令时,终端不会输出任何内容,只有status命令可以打印输出。

7. 如何激活服务并在开机时启用或禁用服务(即系统启动时自动启动mysql.service服务)

# systemctl is-active mysql.service

# systemctl enable mysql.service

# systemctl disable mysql.service

8. 如何屏蔽(让它不能启动)或显示服务(如ntpdate.service)

# systemctl mask ntpdate.service

ln -s ‘/dev/null”/etc/systemd/system/ntpdate.service’

# systemctl unmask ntpdate.service

rm ‘/etc/systemd/system/ntpdate.service’

9. 使用systemctl命令杀死服务

# systemctl killcrond

10. 列出所有系统挂载点

# systemctl list-unit-files –type=mount

11. 挂载、卸载、重新挂载、重载系统挂载点并检查系统中挂载点状态

# systemctl start tmp.mount

# systemctl stop tmp.mount

# systemctl restart tmp.mount

# systemctl reload tmp.mount

# systemctl status tmp.mount

12. 在启动时激活、启用或禁用挂载点(系统启动时自动挂载)

# systemctl is-active tmp.mount

# systemctl enable tmp.mount

# systemctl disable tmp.mount

13. 在Linux中屏蔽(让它不能启用)或可见挂载点

# systemctl mask tmp.mount

ln -s ‘/dev/null”/etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount’

# systemctl unmask tmp.mount

rm ‘/etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount’

14. 列出所有可用系统套接口

# systemctl list-unit-files –type=socket

15. 检查某个服务的所有配置细节

# systemctl showmysql

16. 获取某个服务(httpd)的依赖性列表

# systemctl list-dependencies httpd.service

17. 启动救援模式

# systemctl rescue

18. 进入紧急模式

# systemctl emergency

19. 列出当前使用的运行等级

# systemctl get-default

20. 启动运行等级5,即图形模式

# systemctl isolate runlevel5.target

# systemctl isolate graphical.target

21. 启动运行等级3,即多用户模式(命令行)

# systemctl isolate runlevel3.target

# systemctl isolate multiuser.target

22. 设置多用户模式或图形模式为默认运行等级

# systemctl set-default runlevel3.target

# systemctl set-default runlevel5.target

23. 重启、停止、挂起、休眠系统或使系统进入混合睡眠

# systemctl reboot

# systemctl halt

# systemctl suspend

# systemctl hibernate

# systemctl hybrid-sleep

对于不知运行等级为何物的人,说明如下。

Runlevel 0 : 关闭系统

Runlevel 1 : 救援,维护模式

Runlevel 3 : 多用户,无图形系统

Runlevel 4 : 多用户,无图形系统

Runlevel 5 : 多用户,图形化系统

Runlevel 6 : 关闭并重启机器

 

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